Utilizing Screening Technologies to Improve Solid Waste Treatment Methods

As global environmental challenges and resource shortages intensify, effective handling and resource recovery of solid waste have emerged as critical issues for countries worldwide. In light of the ongoing pursuit of "carbon neutrality" goals, the urgent tasks of resource recovery, safe treatment, and volume reduction of municipal solid waste, construction debris, and other forms of solid waste demand immediate attention.

In this process, the role of solid waste screening technology is increasingly prominent. This article will explore the significance of solid waste screening, the challenges faced, and specifically highlight how Harden Machinery's independently developed screening equipment contributes to efficient resource utilization of solid waste.

Overcoming Challenges in the Solid Waste Screening Process

The solid waste screening process encounters multiple challenges due to the variety and complexity of its sources. Different categories of solid waste emerge from numerous origins, necessitating the separation and classification of intricate materials during processing. For example, putrescible waste is often moist and sticky, which can cause blockages in screening machinery. Additionally, renovation waste typically includes various materials such as soil and gravel, complicating the ability of standard screening equipment to achieve high exclusion rates.

Additionally, the diversity of household waste presents its own challenges, as it consists of many types, is often highly humid, and can adhere to surfaces, complicating resource utilization efforts. Effectively separating recyclable materials is a complex and vital task. In the waste treatment and recycling process, efficient classification is critical for separating different elements within waste streams, recovering valuable materials, minimizing the amount sent to landfills, and finding new uses for recyclable materials.

In urban waste management, solid waste is generally categorized into four main groups: source reduction and reuse, recycling, energy recovery, and treatment and disposal. Screening plays a crucial role in the material recovery and recycling process of waste management. Upon arrival at recycling facilities, waste must be screened to better manage these materials. Once materials reach the recycling facility, they are typically classified through multiple separation methods, and screening equipment is essential in this process. Rotary tumbler screens and various vibrating screens are the most commonly used screening machines today.

Functions and Benefits of Screening Equipment

Screening equipment performs material classification by separating larger items (such as cardboard and large plastic containers) from smaller items (like metal waste, glass fragments, and small plastic waste), significantly enhancing resource recovery rates. Effective screening is essential not only for environmental management but also for improving operational economic performance.

In Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs), material flows are often inconsistent, causing sorting robots and optical sorters to rely on a continuous and consistent supply of materials. The role of screening is to homogenize material flow, reduce flow depth, and thus increase downstream equipment efficiency to ensure sorting operations are more effective and consistent. Screening technology optimizes sorting decisions via precise material classification, enhancing productivity, ensuring that the correct materials reach the correct sorting stations, and ultimately improving overall throughput and efficiency.

Outstanding Performance of Harden Machinery's Screening Equipment

Flip-flow Screen - Handling Highly Moist Sticky Waste

Harden Machinery has launched the Flip-flow Screen, designed to effectively handle high-moisture and sticky solid waste. Its vibration system consists of a fixed screen frame and a floating screen frame, functioning through relative motion. The screen surface expands and contracts at high frequency, generating significant acceleration that effectively overcomes screen hole blockages.

Step Screen - Precise Screening of Complex Waste

To tackle the complexity of renovation waste, Harden Machinery developed the Step Screen, which features a stepped sieve design. As the material passes through, the device produces a three-dimensional motion during the material's descent, allowing smaller items to fall continuously through the screen mesh while larger items are expelled from the screen surface, achieving precise screening results.

Composite Screen - Multi-Level Material Separation

The Composite Screen combines the advantages of the Flip-flow Screen and the Step Screen, enabling it to handle complex and high-moisture solid waste. This device utilizes an excitation source to drive the upper and lower screen plates to create different movement formats, effectively separating materials of different sizes to meet multi-level high-efficiency processing requirements.

Triangular Rotary Screen - For Screening materials with low viscosity and moisture content

Triangular Rotary Screen is an innovative screening equipment with several patented technologies and modular design to meet the needs of different screening particle sizes. The equipment is characterized by low energy consumption, low noise, high efficiency and high screening throughput rate, and is at the forefront of screening technology. The application areas include primary domestic waste, household waste, construction waste, biomass fuels generated by kitchen waste, industrial waste, waste rubber tires and other materials screening.

Disc Screen - Efficient Separation of Materials through Polygonal Disc Motion

Harden Disc Screen is a screening device that separates materials of different particle sizes and shapes through the rolling motion of polygonal discs. As all the polygonal discs rotate in the same direction as the drum, the material undergoes a composite movement of horizontal and rolling motion on the disc surface, which helps to loosen it. Under the impact of the rotating discs, the material experiences impact, diffusion, jumping, and rolling motion. As a result, particles with a diameter smaller than the gap between the discs fall through the gaps on the side, achieving the desired screening effect.

Intelligent and User-Friendly Design

Harden Machinery’s vibrating screening equipment incorporates various modern electrical automation technologies, including modular structural design and intelligent control systems, allowing for rapid adjustments of vibration parameters based on material characteristics while enhancing the flexibility and operational efficiency of the equipment. Additionally, the double-shock isolation technology effectively reduces vibrations' impact on the surrounding environment, resulting in more stable and reliable equipment performance during operation.

In light of the challenges posed by urbanization and population growth, the efficient treatment and resource utilization of solid waste has become an unignorable task. Harden Machinery's screening equipment plays a crucial role in the solid waste screening field with its outstanding technology and design. Looking ahead, as the emphasis on solid waste resource utilization continues to grow, screening technology will play an increasingly vital role in waste management. Effective screening technology not only makes solid waste treatment more efficient and economical but also opens up new avenues for resource recycling.